Pronombres personales / Personal pronouns

Utilizamos los pronombres personales en lugar de frases nominales. A menudo se emplean para hacer referencia de nuevo a las personas y cosas que ya hemos identificado (vea las frases subrayadas):

  • John is not happy with the timetable. 
  • He is expecting too much from the staff
  • I spoke to the union steward, so we decided to go on strike. 
John = he; the staff = them;  union steward = him
A: Where is the car key? I can’t find it.
B: Oh no! It’s in my pocket. (it = the key)

Número
Persona
Género
Pronombres
personales
sujeto
objeto
singular
masculino/femenino
I
me
masculino/femenino
you
you
masculino
he
him
femenino
she
her
neutro
it
it
plural
masculino/femenino
we
us
masculino/femenino
you
you
masculino/femenino/ neutro
they
them

Ejemplos de pronombre sujeto y pronombre objeto. Observe algunos ejemplos.
Nombre sujeto
Nombre objeto
I drink a lot of water
Jessica loved me
Do you run the London marathon?
Peter hates you
He eats plenty spaghetti
I will ask him
She is the most beautiful girl
Do you know her?
It is imposible to speak to him
I will think about it
We are the best
That is good news for us
You are much better at home
I will be happy to see you
They watch TV all day
We don’t really envy them

Los pronombres personales actúan como el sujeto de la oración. Los utilizamos antes de un verbo para demostrar la acción del verbo. Por lo general, el pronombre en la oración no se puede omitir:
  • He is Peter Sellars. Not He's Peter Sellars
  • She hates playing football. Not: hates playing football
  • He is a friend of mine. Not is a friend of mine
  • It's raining. Not is raining
Tenga en cuenta que no siempre ponemos it después know 
It's time you came home. I know. Not I know it.

También utilizamos el pronombre para referirnos a todo y nada en concreto.
  • I tried my best, but it wasn't my day.
  • The story is not real isn't it?
  • Is a great match isn't it?
  • Don't worry, it should be fine.
Lo utilizamos como un sujeto sin significado para referirnos a la hora, el tiempo, temperatura y distancias.
  • It's a beautiful day
  • It's already Christmas day.
  • It's 100 km distance from Seville.
  • It's already midday. 
  • It's thirty centigrade in Paris. 
  • It's really late.
Puede significar una situación actual o un comentario.
  • It's wonderful, our team won the national lottery.
  • It's a marvelous view!
  • Isn't it a real surprise!
  • It's nice to see you again
  • It's a magnificent work.
  • It was really impressive to find a way out.
Un sujeto es suficiente. Normalmente, no necesitamos un pronombre IT - si ya hay un sujeto en la oración.
  • My house is located in Florida avenue.  Not My house it is located...
  • My brother is a difficult person. Not My brother it is a difficult...
  • The current event is unforgettable. Not The current it is unforgettable.
Los pronombres personales no se utilizan junto con pronombres relativos.
  • Here is the book (that) you lent me. Not Here is the book (that) you lent it me.
  • That is the boy who plays football. Not That is the boy who he plays football.
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